The department of Oruro was created on September 5, 1826 during the government of the Mariscal Antonio José de Sucre, it is placed in the Western region of the Republic of Bolivia. It borders to the North on the department of La Paz, on the South on the department of Potosí, to the East on the departments of Potosí and Cochabamba, and on the West on the Republic of Chile.

The history of Oruro goes back up to the Urus, one of the most ancient cultures of the continent, also in this department there were inhabiting ethnic  Aymaras groups like the Carangas, Quillacas and the Soras 

There are had traces of the first human establishments 10.000 years ago before Christ. It was an impressive scenery of islands and flatness surrounded by the mineral waters. His extension was coming to the north to the Pariah's population, part of Patacamaya and Callapa; to the South to Chiguana and Ascotán salars; to the east to Challapata and Uyuni; and on the west the proximities of Sajama and  Coipasa and Empexa salars.

it's talk  about Pariah like an important "uru's" metropolis  more ancient than the  tiahuanacota culture, Aymara and Quechuan. There came the first Spanish attracted by the mineral wealth of the area

On having found out about his enormous mining potential, the Spanish conquerors named it the " table of silver " founding there on the 1st of November, 1606 the current city of Oruro with the name of Real Villa de San Felipe de Austria, in honor of the reigning monarch Felipe III.

After was founded the Real Villa de San Felipe de Austria, it  includ almost a 1 Km2 of extension and the central area was the Plaza Mayor (today " February 10 "). It was already relied on then with 10 churches and the streets were taking particular names as " The Street of the Mail ", " Street of the Tambo of Jerusalem ", " Street of the Smithy ", " Street of the flour " and others.

In the hill of Conchupata it was finding the limit of the Spanish Town, concretely what today is the Street Caro between Presidente Montes and La Plata. This place was named a “ Mouth of the Settlement ”. There a tambo existed and more to the north the first indigenous housings were erected.

Two streets were coming up to this place: one of them was the famous Street of the Settlement (today  Presidente Montes) where there were residing merchants, confectioners, tailors, carpenters, officials, goldsmiths and others; many of those were also owners of mines in the surrounding hills. The other one was the New Street (today La Plata) which point of reference was the Church and Convent of the Company (current Cathedral).

From the Mouth of the Settlement, to the north end some housings were locating of indigenous or half-caste free that equally were devoting themselves to the commerce and other activities. There stand out between them Catalina Jiménez, Inés Paco, Marcos García, Isabel Chura, Maria Cana, the black woman Marina de Canelas and others.

During the Cologne, the new political and institutional structure that was imposed on the base to his important wealths provided to him progress and advance; nevertheless, this influenced negatively the development of the indigenous cultures. The natural scenery turned out to be severely affected by the big demand of wood on the part of the activity of the mining sector that came to the depletion of the original vegetation. Today only there exist small and degraded forests located in small and inaccessible places. This phenomenon reverberated of direct form in the fauna of the region that, on having remained, private road of his natural habitat diminished drastically.